Temporal patterns of emergence, calling behaviour and oviposition period of the maize stem borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)
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چکیده
Sexual behaviour in most of the noctuid Lepidoptera follows a diel periodicity and is limited to a precise period of either the day or the night. The periodicity and the maturation periods are specifi c as well as the onset of oviposition behaviour. The knowledge of these traits of biology is an essential prerequisite for all the studies in chemical ecology. The periodicity of adult emergence, calling behaviour and oviposition of Busseola fusca (Fuller) was studied under laboratory conditions. Most males emerged before onset of the scotophase whereas most females did so one hour later. The virgin females started to exhibit calling behaviour few hours after emergence and there is no sexual maturation time. The calling behaviour starts the fourth hour after the onset of the scotophase but is lightly delayed for females having emerged the same night as compared to older females. Sexual and oviposition behaviours occur during the dark period. Oviposition started the fi rst night after the mating night, peaked during the second night and then gradually decreased until the fi fth night. The fi rst night of oviposition, females laid eggs during the fi rst three hours and after the 5th hour of the scotophase with a maximum during the 8th and 9th hour. During the second night, oviposition peaked during the second hour and tended to decrease thereafter. Résumé. Chronologie de l’émergence, du comportement d’appel et de l’oviposition chez la mineuse du maïs Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae). Le comportement sexuel de la plupart des lépidoptères Noctuidae est cyclique et limité à une période bien précise du jour ou de la nuit. Les rythmes et les délais de maturation sexuelle sont propres à chaque espèce. L’initiation du comportement de ponte est aussi une des composantes de l’espèce. La connaissance de ces points de biologie est un préalable indispensable à toutes études d’écologie chimique qui traitent de la reconnaissance du partenaire sexuel et de la plante-hôte. Les périodes d’émergence, du comportement d’appel et de ponte de Busseola fusca (Fuller) ont été étudiées dans des conditions de laboratoire. La plupart des mâles émergent avant le début de nuit et les femelles lors des premières heures. Le comportement d’appel des femelles vierges débute quelques heures après l’émergence et il n’y pas chez B. fusca de délai de maturation sexuelle. La période d’appel commence quatre heures après le début de nuit, et est un peu plus tardive pour les femelles qui viennent d’émerger. L’insecte présente une activité nocturne tant pour l’accouplement que pour la ponte. L’oviposition débute la nuit qui suit celle de l’accouplement et la quantité d’œufs déposés augmente la deuxième nuit de ponte pour ensuite décroître progressivement jusqu’à la cinquième nuit. La ponte se répartit sur toute la durée de la scotophase avec deux pics : l’un se situe en début de nuit et l’autre dans la seconde moitié de la scotophase.
منابع مشابه
Ecology of the African Maize Stalk Borer, Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with Special Reference to
Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest of maize and sorghum in sub-Saharan Africa. One century after its first description by Fuller in 1901, inaccurate information based on earlier reports are still propagated on its distribution (e.g., absent from the lower altitudes in East Africa) and host plant range (e.g., feeding on a large range of wild grass species). This review ...
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